In the Americas the Mayan and Aztec Civilizations are most well known, with the Incas coming to mind after in South America.  Teotihuacan was the main city in these civilizations spreading it's dominance throughout Central America.  This city was known for having a large city street going straight down it, and having the temples for the sun and moon Gods.  The Mayans were known to use a system of pictographs and phonetic symbols as writing.  Mayans were known for capturing their enemies in combat so they could sacrifice them to the Gods.